I encountered the same problem and avoided it by installing the compatible version of protobuf:
pip install 'protobuf~=3.19.0'
To deploy it on Streamlit Cloud, I added a line to requirements.txt:
For core dev team:
This is because the version of protobuf as a dependency of the streamlit package is specified as protobuf = ">=3.6.0, !=3.11", which allows installing major version-ups that may have breaking changes.
And it actually led to install a new version 4.21.0, which was released 5 hours ago with breaking changes, as described in the page linked from the error message:
The version specification in Pipfile should be something like protobuf = "~=3.19.0.
→ Set protobuf verion as ~=3.19.0 by whitphx · Pull Request #4779 · streamlit/streamlit · GitHub