If I check the checkbox and remove the second row in the data editor, I won’t be able to add new values. They will appear in the data editor, but they won’t show up in print(edited_df), for example.
There’s an unfortunate behavior that comes from pandas automatically creating a new index, which doesn’t show up in the data editor, but is required for a new row to be valid. A simple fix in this case is just to pick one of the actual columns to be the index: